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挖掘机大臂举升、回转缓慢无力故障诊断

日期:2022-07-11   来源:http://www.dybocheng.com
大臂是挖掘机重要的部件之一,也是容易出现故障的部件之一,如果不及时解决就会对该设备的使用产生不好的影响,下面我们来对此故障进行诊断,找出原因。
The boom is one of the important parts of the excavator and one of the parts prone to failure. If it is not solved in time, it will have a bad impact on the use of the equipment. Let's diagnose this fault and find out the cause.
在工作装置液压系统中,大臂和回转工作都不正常,引起这一原因比较多,它可能包含了前面故障现象外,还与总阀、液压泵、滤油器、液压油、分配阀进回油路故障有关。由于涉及点比较多,我们可从由易到难、从关键点开始检查起。
In the hydraulic system of the working device, the boom and slewing work abnormally, which is caused by many reasons. It may include the previous failures, but also related to the failure of the inlet and return oil circuits of the main safety valve, hydraulic pump, oil filter, hydraulic oil and distribution valve. Since there are many points involved, we can start from the easy to the difficult and start from the key points.
我们先检查直观的点,检查油箱油量足不足,检查液压油的清洁度、颜色、粘度、稠度和气味。液压油从高压侧流向低压侧而没有作机械功时,液压系统内就会产生热。液压油温度过高,会使密封件变质和油液氧化失效,会引起腐蚀和形成沉积物,以堵塞阻尼孔和加速阀的磨损,过高的温度将使阀、泵卡死。有问题先排除,接着检查几个关键部位。
Let's check the intuitive points first, check whether the oil in the oil tank is sufficient or not, and check the cleanliness, color, viscosity, consistency and smell of the hydraulic oil. When the hydraulic oil flows from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side without mechanical work, heat will be generated in the hydraulic system. If the hydraulic oil temperature is too high, the seal will deteriorate and the oil will oxidize to failure, which will cause corrosion and the formation of deposits, so as to block the damping hole and accelerate the wear of the valve. If the temperature is too high, the valve and pump will be stuck. If there is a problem, eliminate it first, and then check several key parts.
加长臂挖掘机
从几率上来讲,大臂滑阀和回转滑阀同时损坏,大臂油缸和回转油缸同时发生内泄漏的可能性比较少。因此我们进行系统压力的检测。系统压力的检测:在测压点装上40MPa量程的压力表,发动机在额定转速下,将大臂提升到高位置,此时表显示高压力,此时读数应为27~28MPa。
In terms of probability, the boom spool valve and the slewing spool valve are damaged at the same time, and the possibility of internal leakage of the boom cylinder and the slewing cylinder at the same time is relatively small. Therefore, we first detect the system pressure. Detection of system pressure: install a pressure gauge with a range of 40MPa at the pressure measuring point, and lift the boom to the high position under the rated speed of the engine. At this time, the gauge shows high pressure, and the reading should be 27 ~ 28Mpa at this time.
如果系统压力偏低,应主要从以下几个方面分析和排除:
If the system pressure is low, it should be analyzed and eliminated mainly from the following aspects:
(1)分配阀有内漏:分配阀内泄漏主要原因有:总阀的主阀芯被卡死,阀杆与阀体的配合间隙太大,调压弹簧损坏,阀内密封件损坏或阀体有砂眼等。拆检总阀的锥阀是否被卡住;检查阀杆和阀体的配合间隙,正常的配合间隙应在0.005~0.025mm之间,修理极限为0.04mm;检查主阀芯于主阀套配合间隙,正常配合标准间隙为0.010~0.018mm,修理极限为0.03mm。检查压力弹簧及阀内密封件是否有损坏。
(1) There is internal leakage in the distribution valve: the main causes of internal leakage in the distribution valve are: the main valve core of the main safety valve is stuck, the fit gap between the valve rod and the valve body is too large, the pressure regulating spring is damaged, the seal in the valve is damaged, or the valve body has sand holes, etc. Disassemble and check whether the cone valve of the main safety valve is stuck; Check the fitting clearance between the valve rod and the valve body. The normal fitting clearance should be between 0.005 ~ 0.025mm, and the repair limit is 0.04mm; Check the fitting clearance between the main valve core and the main valve sleeve. The normal fitting standard clearance is 0.010 ~ 0.018mm, and the repair limit is 0.03mm. Check whether the pressure spring and the seal in the valve are damaged.
(2)工作泵内漏:泵内漏表现为:工作时噪声大、发动机转速越高,则噪声越大;在滤油器中可见到大量铜屑。应拆检泵,如有损坏,应修复或更换。
(2) Internal leakage of working pump: the internal leakage of pump is manifested as: the noise is high during operation, and the higher the engine speed is, the greater the noise is; A large amount of copper chips can be seen in the oil filter. The pump should be disassembled and inspected. If it is damaged, it should be repaired or replaced.
(3)在检查并处理好在加长臂挖掘机系统总的压力问题后,如仍工作不正常则可按上面措施分别对动臂部分和转斗部分排除。
(3) After checking and dealing with the general pressure problem of the lengthening boom excavator system, if it still works abnormally, the boom part and the bucket part can be eliminated according to the above measures.
以上就是今天为大家介绍的关于问题以及注意事项的全部内容,希望对大家能有所帮助,想要了解更多内容可以电话联系我们或者关注我们的网站http://www.dybocheng.com,我们的工作人员会及时与您取得联系。
The above is all about the problems and precautions introduced to you today. I hope it can help you. If you want to know more, you can contact us by phone or follow our website http://www.dybocheng.com , our staff will contact you in time.


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